What is Data Privacy? Its Significance and Trends (Updated!)
Table of Contents
What is Data Privacy?
Data privacy is the ability of an individual to monitor, safeguard, and protect the use of their personal information. It refers to the process of storing personally identifiable information such as names, phone numbers, credit card information, and shipping addresses as well as whether said information is shared with third parties.
Interest in data privacy has skyrocketed due to the proliferation of mobile applications, software services, and ecommerce companies that process millions of transactions every day, storing critical personal details that can lead to identity theft and fraud if leaked to the wrong parties.
Ordinary citizens have the right to demand that their personal details be treated with care. The emergence of data privacy laws such as the GDPR, PIPEDA, CCPA, Quebec Law 25, and more have also made it mandatory for organizations to prioritize data privacy and retool internal processes to ensure compliance.
Read More on Data Privacy:
- Data Privacy Best Practices
- Data Privacy Benefits
- Data Privacy Statistics
- Data Privacy Types
- Data Privacy Laws
- Best Data Privacy Management Software
- How to Safeguard Data Privacy With Data Access Controls
- Top Data Privacy Companies
Why is Data Privacy Necessary?
Data privacy is one of several types of privacy, and arguably among the most important. It’s a fundamental right for a human, as recognized by the United Nations in its annual reports on digital privacy.
Data privacy has multiple benefits and must be taken seriously for the following reasons:
1. Data privacy is required by law
We touch upon data privacy laws later in this article, but the abridged version is that regulations like the GDPR, CCPA, PIPEDA, and more make it mandatory for businesses to prioritize data privacy. They must invest in proper systems, processes, and job functions to abide by regulations.
Many countries have established data privacy laws and regulations, such as the European Union's General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) and the United States California Consumer Privacy Act (CCPA). Organizations that handle personal information must comply with these regulations to avoid legal penalties and fines. Compliance with data privacy regulations also ensures that personal information is collected and used in a transparent and ethical manner.
2. It prevents fraud and privacy breaches
When data privacy is given the importance it deserves, there are several positive externalities both for the company and its users. For example, steps taken to handle data correctly will almost certainly result in fewer privacy incidents. The better the internal risk controls, the harder it is for criminals to breach databases and steal valuable data.
Privacy breaches are another consequence of a lax attitude toward data privacy. Organizations that don’t prioritize data privacy imperil their own reputations and put their users in harm's way.
With the increasing amount of personal information being shared online, it is becoming easier for hackers and cybercriminals to gain access to sensitive data such as financial information, health records, and social security numbers. This can lead to identity theft, financial loss, and reputational damage. Data privacy measures such as encryption, firewalls, and secure authentication methods can prevent unauthorized access to personal information, ensuring that it is kept safe.
3. Data privacy is a human right
As we discussed before, the right to data privacy should be extended to every human. Each individual must be secure in the knowledge that their personal data is processed and stored with the utmost care. Just like the right to free speech is held dear, so should the right to data privacy.
The right to privacy is a fundamental human right recognized by international law, and individuals have the right to control the use and disclosure of their personal information. Without data privacy measures in place, individuals' privacy rights can be violated through the collection and use of their personal information without their consent or knowledge.
Regardless of the type of privacy, guaranteeing access to data privacy should be of utmost priority.
4. Investing in data privacy helps companies grow
Organizations that prioritize data privacy and take adequate measures to protect personal information can build customer trust and credibility, leading to increased loyalty and customer retention.
For example, Apple has made data privacy a cornerstone of its brand identity and marketing messages. It's helping the company tremendously, as the message resonates with consumers worldwide. Its immediate rival, Android, has a trust deficit compared to Apple as consumers don't believe it takes privacy as seriously.
People are likelier to trust businesses and organizations that take data privacy seriously. By protecting personal information, businesses can build trust with their customers and establish a positive reputation.
5. Data privacy preserves confidentiality
Many people have sensitive information, such as medical records, financial statements, or personal correspondence, that they want to keep private. Data privacy protects the confidentiality of this information and ensures that it is only accessible to authorized individuals.
6. It protects against regulator scrutiny
Although data privacy goals may be altruistic in nature, many companies view compliance as a means to an end. It’s mandated by law, and failing to uphold regulations can dent a company’s credibility—not to mention its bottom line. Regulators worldwide are scrutinizing companies that fail to uphold adequate data privacy standards.
In 2023 alone, GDPR violations cost companies over 2 billion euros, surpassing the total fines from 2019 to 2021 combined. And no company is immune; Meta, TikTok, and X (formerly Twitter) have collectively faced fines exceeding $3 billion for GDPR violations, signaling the seriousness of non-compliance, even for large enterprises.
Other recent mandates, such as the CCPA, further reinforce this notion. Across the board, countries are broadening the scope of data protection laws and holding companies accountable for failing to act.
What are the laws governing data privacy?
Many countries around the world have implemented laws and regulations to ensure that personal data is collected, stored, and used in a way that is respectful of individual privacy. In this section, we will explore some of the key data privacy laws from around the world.
European Union
The General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) is a comprehensive data privacy law that applies to all EU member states. The GDPR requires organizations to obtain explicit consent from individuals before collecting their personal data, and gives individuals the right to access and delete their data. The GDPR also imposes strict penalties for organizations that fail to comply with its provisions.
United States
The United States has several data privacy laws that regulate the collection, storage, and use of personal data. The Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) regulates the use of personal health information, while the Children's Online Privacy Protection Act (COPPA) governs the collection of personal information from children under the age of 13. Additionally, the California Consumer Privacy Act (CCPA) requires businesses to provide consumers with certain rights and protections regarding their personal information.
Unlike the EU, the United States has no nationwide data privacy policies in place. Efforts have been made to create a federal policy for data privacy that applies to all U.S. residents, but so far those efforts haven’t come to fruition.
The attempt came in the form of the American Data Privacy Protection Act (ADPPA), which was introduced to the U.S. House Committee in 2022. This measure failed to pass and left U.S. states without a unifying framework to coordinate privacy legislation. As such, each state has developed (or is currently developing) its own privacy mandates set to take effect.
To date, thirteen U.S. states have established laws protecting consumer privacy, and many others are drafting legislation to follow suit. The full list of existing and upcoming state privacy laws can be seen here.
Canada
The Personal Information Protection and Electronic Documents Act (PIPEDA) is Canada's primary data privacy law. It requires organizations to obtain consent before collecting, using, or disclosing personal information, and gives individuals the right to access and correct their personal data. PIPEDA also requires organizations to implement appropriate security measures to protect personal data from unauthorized access or use.
Quebec Law 25
Quebec Law 25 is one of the most recent privacy laws to come out of Canada, first implemented in September 2023 as part of the omnibus Bill 64. Building upon Canada’s Privacy Act and PIPEDA, Law 25 allows Quebec's data protection authority, the Commission d'accès à l'information du Québec, to enforce stricter privacy requirements on data transfers outside the province.
Quebec Law 25 is considered one of the most stringent privacy laws that currently exist in North America, and it may represent a sign of things to come. As data privacy laws continue to evolve, more regions will take up the call and establish these types of strict protections for users.
Australia
The Privacy Act 1988 is Australia's main data privacy law. It requires organizations to obtain consent before collecting personal information, and gives individuals the right to access and correct their data. The Privacy Act also requires organizations to take reasonable steps to protect personal information from unauthorized access or use.
Japan
The Act on the Protection of Personal Information (APPI) is Japan's data privacy law. It requires organizations to obtain consent before collecting personal information, and gives individuals the right to access and correct their data. APPI also requires organizations to implement appropriate security measures to protect personal information from unauthorized access or use.
China
China's data privacy laws are still in development, but the country has recently implemented the Personal Information Protection Law (PIPL), which regulates the collection, storage, and use of personal information. PIPL requires organizations to obtain consent before collecting personal information, and gives individuals the right to access and correct their data. PIPL also requires organizations to implement appropriate security measures to protect personal information from unauthorized access or use.
Data privacy laws around the world vary in their scope and requirements, but all serve to protect personal information from unauthorized access or use. It is essential for individuals and businesses to be aware of the data privacy laws that apply to them and take appropriate steps to comply with them.
Brazil
Brazil's General Data Protection Law (LGPD), enacted in August 2020, mirrors the EU's GDPR in regulating how businesses handle user data in Brazil. Similar to the GDPR, the LGPD applies extraterritorially, requiring compliance from companies processing Brazilian data, regardless of their location. The LGPD also protects the data of individuals gathered or processed in Brazil, not just Brazilians. However, the LGPD imposes lower fines for noncompliance compared to the GDPR, with maximum fines of 50 million Brazilian reais or 2% of a business's annual turnover in Brazil per violation, as opposed to the GDPR's maximum fines of 4% of global annual turnover or €20 million.
Fair Information Principles and its impact on data privacy
Fair information principles are a set of guidelines that govern the collection, use, and sharing of personal information. These principles were first introduced in the 1970s and have since been adopted by many organizations and governments around the world. The fair information principles are based on the idea that individuals have a right to control their personal information and that organizations should be transparent about their data practices.
The fair information principles are based on eight key principles: notice/awareness, choice/consent, access/participation, integrity/security, enforcement/redress, data minimization, authority, and purpose limitation. These principles form the basis of many data privacy laws and regulations, such as the European Union's General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) and Canada's PIPEDA.
Let's take a look at the eight fair information principles:
Notice/Awareness principle
The notice/awareness principle requires organizations to inform individuals about the collection, use, and sharing of their personal information. This principle has led to the widespread use of privacy policies, which outline an organization's data practices and the rights of individuals. Privacy policies are often required by law, and failure to provide adequate notice can result in legal penalties and fines.
Choice/Consent principle
The choice/consent principle requires organizations to obtain individuals' consent before collecting, using, or sharing their personal information. This principle has led to the widespread use of opt-in and opt-out mechanisms, which allow individuals to control the use of their personal information. Opt-in mechanisms require individuals to actively consent to the use of their personal information, while opt-out mechanisms allow individuals to withdraw their consent at any time.
Access/Participation principle
The access/participation principle requires organizations to provide individuals with access to their personal information and to allow them to participate in the data collection and use process. This principle has led to the widespread use of data access requests, which allow individuals to request access to their personal information and to request that it be corrected or deleted.
Integrity/Security principle
The integrity/security principle requires organizations to take appropriate measures to ensure the accuracy and security of personal information. This principle has led to the widespread use of encryption, firewalls, and other security measures to protect personal information from unauthorized access or disclosure.
Enforcement/Redress principle
The enforcement/redress principle requires organizations to provide individuals with a means of enforcing their privacy rights and seeking redress for violations. This principle has led to the establishment of privacy regulators and the introduction of legal penalties and fines for non-compliance with data privacy laws and regulations.
Data Minimization principle
The data minimization principle requires organizations to collect and use only the minimum amount of personal information necessary to achieve their objectives. This principle has led to the widespread use of data retention policies, which ensure that personal information is not kept for longer than necessary.
Authority principle
The authority principle says agencies should only create, collect, use, process, store, maintain, disseminate, or disclose PII if they have the authority to do so, and should identify this authority in the appropriate notice.
Purpose Limitation principle
The purpose limitation principle requires organizations to limit the use of personal information to specific purposes and to obtain individuals' consent for any other uses. This principle has led to the widespread use of data use policies, which outline the specific purposes for which personal information is collected and used.
Fair information principles have had a significant impact on data privacy laws around the world by providing a framework for the collection, use, and sharing of personal information. These principles aren't part of formal legislation, but have laid the groundwork for many of the data privacy regulations you see across the world today.
What's more, fair information principles have lead to the widespread use of privacy policies, opt-in and opt-out mechanisms, data access requests, encryption and security measures, privacy regulators, legal penalties and fines, data retention policies, and data use policies.
What are the most important technologies for data privacy?
Data privacy relies on cutting-edge technology to protect consumers, abide by regulations, and ensure it is safe from malicious actors. Here are some must-have technologies to handle data correctly and protect user privacy:
Encryption
Encryption is a process that encodes data to make it unreadable to anyone who does not have the decryption key. Encryption is one of the most important technologies used to safeguard data privacy. It can be used to protect data both in transit and at rest. Encryption ensures that even if the data is stolen or intercepted, it cannot be accessed without the decryption key.
Access Controls
Access controls are used to restrict access to personal data to authorized personnel. Access controls can be implemented at the application, database, and network levels to ensure that only authorized personnel can access sensitive data. Access controls are an essential part of data privacy and are used in conjunction with other technologies such as encryption and firewalls.
Firewalls
Firewalls are used to protect networks from unauthorized access. Firewalls can be used to block incoming traffic that does not meet certain criteria or to restrict outgoing traffic. Firewalls can also be used to monitor network traffic to detect potential security breaches. Firewalls are an essential component of data privacy, as they help to prevent unauthorized access to personal data.
Tokenization
Tokenization is a process that replaces sensitive data with non-sensitive data. For example, credit card numbers can be replaced with randomly generated tokens. Tokenization ensures that even if data is stolen, the stolen data will be non-sensitive and useless to the thief. Tokenization is an essential technology that can be used to protect personal data.
Anonymization
Anonymization is a process that removes identifying information from personal data. Anonymization is commonly used in medical research to protect patient privacy. Anonymization can also be used in other industries to protect personal data while still allowing for analysis. Anonymization is an important technology that can be used to protect personal data.
Data Loss Prevention
Data Loss Prevention is a set of technologies used to prevent data from being lost or stolen. DLP technologies can be used to monitor network traffic, prevent data from being sent outside the organization, and prevent unauthorized access to sensitive data. DLP technologies are an essential component of data privacy, as they help to prevent data breaches.
Virtual Private Networks
VPNs are used to create secure connections over the internet. VPNs can be used to protect data in transit and can help to prevent eavesdropping and interception of sensitive data. VPNs are an important technology that can be used to safeguard data privacy, particularly for businesses that rely on remote access or remote work.
Two-Factor Authentication (2FA)
2FA is a security process that requires users to provide two forms of identification to access a system or application. 2FA can be used to protect against unauthorized access to personal data, even if the user's password has been compromised. 2FA is an important technology that can be used to enhance data privacy and protect against security breaches.
How can individuals safeguard data privacy?
Protecting data privacy is the responsibility of both businesses and individuals. If ordinary people are careless about their privacy, there isn't much businesses can do to prevent data breaches.
Here are some practical steps that individuals can take to protect their personal data:
Use strong passwords
Using strong passwords that are difficult to guess is a simple but effective way to safeguard your data. Avoid using common words or phrases and instead use a combination of letters, numbers, and symbols. Additionally, avoid using the same password for multiple accounts.
Enable two-factor authentication
Two-factor authentication (2FA) is a security measure that requires users to provide two forms of identification to access an account. By enabling 2FA, you can ensure that even if your password is compromised, an attacker will still need access to your mobile device or another form of identification to gain access to your account.
Keep software up to date
Software updates often include security patches that address vulnerabilities that could be exploited by hackers. Keeping your software up to date can help prevent your personal data from being compromised.
Be cautious of public Wi-Fi
Public Wi-Fi networks are often unsecured, which means that data transmitted over these networks can be intercepted by hackers. When using public Wi-Fi, avoid accessing sensitive data, such as banking information, and use a virtual private network (VPN) to encrypt your connection.
Limit social media sharing
Social media platforms often collect a lot of personal data, which can be used to target advertising or even steal your identity. Limit the amount of personal information that you share on social media, and review your privacy settings to ensure that you're not unintentionally sharing too much information.
Be cautious of phishing scams
Phishing scams are fraudulent attempts to obtain sensitive information, such as usernames, passwords, and credit card information, by disguising it as a trustworthy source. Be wary of emails, text messages, or phone calls that ask you to provide personal information or click on a suspicious link.
Use encryption apps
Encryption tools, such as VeraCrypt or BitLocker, can be used to encrypt your personal data on your computer or mobile device. This can help prevent your data from being accessed if your device is lost or stolen.
Backup your data
Regularly backing up your data to an external hard drive or cloud storage service can help ensure that you don't lose important data if your device is lost, stolen, or damaged.
Review privacy policies
It's important to review the privacy policies of any website or service that you use to understand how your personal data is being collected and used. If you're uncomfortable with a website's privacy policy, consider using an alternative service.
And if you're running a business, always make sure that you have a robust privacy policy that clearly outlines your data gathering practices.
Data privacy challenges and risks
As technology continues to evolve, businesses face increasing challenges in safeguarding data privacy. In this section, we will explore some of the key challenges businesses face in protecting personal data.
1. Data Breaches
One of the most significant challenges facing businesses is the risk of data breaches. A data breach occurs when an unauthorized party access, disclose, or steal personal data. The consequences of a data breach can be severe, including financial loss, damage to reputation, and legal liabilities. Businesses must invest in strong cybersecurity measures to prevent data breaches and have a plan in place to respond quickly if a breach does occur.
2. Third-Party Data Processing
Many businesses rely on third-party vendors to process personal data, which can increase the risk of data breaches. It's essential to ensure that these vendors have appropriate data protection measures in place and that contractual agreements include clear provisions on data protection.
3. Compliance
Compliance with data privacy laws is another significant challenge facing businesses. Laws such as the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) and the California Consumer Privacy Act (CCPA) impose strict requirements on businesses when it comes to collecting, processing, and storing personal data. Failure to comply with these laws can result in significant fines and reputational damage.
4. Lack of Resources
Many businesses face a lack of resources, including time, personnel, and financial resources, to implement and maintain effective data privacy measures. This can result in a lack of adequate training, weak security measures, and inadequate response plans in the event of a data breach.
5. Insider Threats
Employees, contractors, and other insiders can pose a significant threat to data privacy. Malicious insiders can intentionally steal or disclose personal data, while well-intentioned insiders can unintentionally expose data through human error. Businesses must implement appropriate access controls, data protection policies, and training to mitigate these risks.
6. Emerging Technologies
The rise of emerging technologies such as artificial intelligence (AI), the Internet of Things (IoT), and blockchain presents new challenges for businesses when it comes to data privacy. These technologies can collect, process, and store vast amounts of personal data, making it even more critical for businesses to ensure they have appropriate data protection measures in place.
Businesses must be proactive in implementing appropriate data protection measures to protect personal data from unauthorized access or use. By doing so, businesses can build trust with their customers, protect their reputations, and avoid the significant financial and legal consequences of data breaches.
How can businesses safeguard data privacy?
In light of the risks and challenges mentioned above, what can business do to keep their users protected, safe, and secure? Here are some strategies we recommend businesses implement to ensure data privacy:
Develop a comprehensive data privacy policy
A data privacy policy outlines the procedures and guidelines that a business will follow to protect sensitive information. It should include information on how data is collected, stored, and shared, as well as procedures for data retention and disposal. A well-written data privacy policy can help a business stay compliant with data privacy regulations and can also help build trust with customers.
Implement security measures
Businesses should implement security measures to protect data from unauthorized access, theft, or loss. This can include physical security measures such as restricting access to sensitive areas, as well as technical measures such as firewalls, antivirus software, and encryption. It is also important to regularly update software and security systems to stay protected against new threats.
Train employees
Employees can be a major source of data breaches if they are not trained on data privacy best practices. Businesses should provide regular training to employees on the importance of data privacy, how to recognize and avoid phishing scams, and how to handle sensitive data.
Conduct regular risk assessments
Risk assessments can help businesses identify potential vulnerabilities in their systems and processes. This can include assessing the risk of a data breach, identifying sensitive data, and evaluating the effectiveness of current security measures. Regular risk assessments can help businesses stay ahead of potential threats and mitigate risks before they turn into a major issue.
Monitor and respond to threats
It is important for businesses to monitor their systems and networks for potential threats and respond quickly to any incidents. This can include setting up alerts for suspicious activity, implementing incident response plans, and regularly reviewing logs and system activity. In the event of a breach, businesses should have a plan in place for containing and responding to the breach, notifying affected parties, and taking steps to prevent future incidents.
Obtaining consent
Businesses must obtain explicit consent from individuals before collecting or using their personal data. They must also disclose how the data will be used and provide individuals with the option to opt-out.
Obtaining consent is done through a myriad of ways. First, users must consent to their cookies being tracked — this is a GDPR requirement too. Businesses must have a cookie consent notice on their website in order to be compliant.
Another way of obtaining consent is to generate a privacy policy that outlines clearly how your business tracks and monitors user data. By not having a privacy policy, businesses risk being fined and attracting the ire of their users. A well-written privacy policy makes it clear for users how their data will be used — if they have concerns, they can simply choose to not transact with you.
Implementing security measures
Businesses must implement appropriate security measures to protect personal data from unauthorized access, use, or disclosure. This may include encryption, firewalls, and other security technologies.
Disclosing data breaches
If personal data is compromised in a data breach, businesses must disclose the breach to affected individuals and take steps to mitigate the damage.
By implementing a comprehensive data privacy policy, implementing security measures, training employees, conducting regular risk assessments, and monitoring and responding to threats, businesses can safeguard their data and protect their customers' privacy. Failure to prioritize data privacy can result in significant financial and reputational damage for a business, making it integral to any business strategy.
What's the future of data privacy?
Businesses continue to invest in data privacy — the market is expected to grow to $35 billion USD by 2030, with a compound annual growth rate of 40.2%. These are staggering numbers and show how important data privacy will continue to be as the rate of digital adoption accelerates.
A report by Deloitte says data privacy will be a "strategic priority" for businesses in the years to come as regulatory requirements expand in scope and reach. Simply put, it's no longer a 'nice-to-have' but a 'must-have' as lawmakers clamp down on how businesses store and handle data as well as individuals' rights to their data.
Similarly, a speech by the Privacy Commissioner of Ontario at the University of Toronto, talks about the rising influence of artificial intelligence and how data privacy will need to be evaluated very carefully if mankind is to benefit. She calls for a "legal and ethical framework that will establish the guardrails needed to protect our gateway right to privacy and the other related human rights and fundamental values we cherish and hold dear as
a society."
Canada is already working on a bill to guard data privacy in the age of artificial intelligence, the proposed Artifical Intelligence and Data Act. It is expected that other countries will introduce similar legislation to protect the rights of their citizens.
Legislating AI Usage
As the Privacy Commissioner notes, one of the biggest emerging challenges to data privacy comes from AI. In a 2024 IT Industry report, 55% of firms are exploring AI in some form, with 33% testing the waters with limited applications and 22% aggressively pursuing AI integration. Given the implications that AI tools have on data management and security, it makes sense that lawmakers would be concerned about how AI fits into the larger data privacy landscape.
On December 9, 2023, the European Union Parliament adopted the AI Act—the first regulatory framework in the EU for managing AI. As data privacy is considered a user’s right, this legislation aims to establish guardrails in the face of automated AI systems that have no regard for user privacy.
The Act helps codify AI systems based on their perceived level of risk to users and creates guidelines for how systems can be used. Systems considered unacceptably risky are banned outright from usage, while others may be allowed under certain provisions.
AI legislation isn’t limited to the EU. In 2022, Canada proposed the Artificial Intelligence and Data Act (AIDA), a mandate meant to promote responsible use of AI. At the time of writing, this Act is still in consideration under committee but will likely take effect in the coming years if passed.
Notably, Canada’s Minister of Innovation, Science and Industry recently released a voluntary code of conduct specific to AI use. This code recommends that companies using AI follow the same foundational principles as proposed in AIDA, establishing these rules as best practices even if AIDA fails to pass. As time goes on, we expect more regions to adopt similar legislation and codes of conduct to govern responsible AI usage.
Protecting Children’s Privacy
With social media holding a dominant force in the online privacy world, and more underage users than ever spending time on social channels, it makes sense that children’s privacy is a top area of focus for regulators. Major brands like Meta, TikTok, Microsoft, and X (formerly Twitter) have already experienced GDPR penalties related to mishandling of children’s data.
In April 2023, a bipartisan group of lawmakers introduced the Protecting Kids on Social Media Act, which aims to strengthen regulations for social media users under 18.
Although this legislation is still pending approval at the time of writing, its proposal underscores the growing concerns surrounding children's data privacy. The bill has been criticized for being unenforceable and unconstitutional, but its mere presence illustrates existing vulnerabilities in our current privacy landscape. We expect children’s data security to remain a top focus in the coming years.
Conclusion
Investing in data privacy has a multitude of benefits, ranging from user trust to reputational enhancement. With the increasing amount of personal information being shared online, it is essential to safeguard this information and prevent it from being exploited or misused.
By understanding the laws governing data privacy, implementing appropriate security measures, and using best practices for data privacy, individuals and businesses can help to protect personal data and maintain trust with their customers. All individuals and businesses need to take data privacy seriously and make it a priority in their operations.
In conclusion, data privacy is a vital component of our online lives, and individuals and businesses need to understand its importance and take appropriate steps to protect personal data. By doing so, we can create a safer and more secure online environment and protect the privacy and confidentiality of personal information.
If you want to know how Enzuzo can help with your data privacy efforts, book a complimentary strategy call to chat with one of our data compliance experts.
Osman Husain
Osman is the content lead at Enzuzo. He has a background in data privacy management via a two-year role at ExpressVPN and extensive freelance work with cybersecurity and blockchain companies. Osman also holds an MBA from the Toronto Metropolitan University.